A Comprehensive Local’s Guide to Tramping in New Zealand

Aotearoa New Zealand is known around the world for its stunning landscapes and diverse natural beauty. It is no surprise that it is a bucket list destination for many outdoor enthusiasts, especially those keen on hiking.

“Tramping” is what we call “hiking” or “trekking”. Whether you're an avid trekker or a novice adventurer, New Zealand's trails cater to all levels of experience from short walks to the 3000 km through-hike, Te Araroa.

In this guide, I’ll cover everything you need to know to make the most of your hiking adventures in this beautiful country I get to call home.

When tramping in New Zealand, you will soon hear the term “DOC,” which stands for Department of Conservation. This is the government body that maintains much of the recreational trails in New Zealand, including campsites and back country huts. The DOC website will be your new tramping bible to find details on tracks, length, fees, and any closures.

For inspiration on where to go next, listen to the Aotearoa Adventures podcast.

Understanding the Environment

Dangerous Animals

One of the first questions that often comes to mind for visitors is whether there are dangerous animals in New Zealand. Thankfully, New Zealand is NOT Australia, and there are no large predators - that means no snakes, venomous spiders, dingoes, bears, tigers, or anything that will harm you. Seriously, New Zealand is paradise on earth. In summer, sandflies will be your biggest annoyance, particularly in regions like Milford Sound or the West Coast, so bring some good insect repellent.

New Zealand is home to lots of native birds, including the flightless kiwi and the cheeky mountain parrot - the kea. If you are lucky enough to spot a kea, keep a close eye on your belongings as they are known to steal things, destroy tents and pull rubber seals off your car. When camping, also watch out for the Weka - a brown, chicken-like bird that will also steal anything that it can - particularly if it is shiny.

Risks and Challenges

While New Zealand's wildlife may not pose significant threats, there are other challenges to be aware of. New Zealand's weather can change extremely rapidly, particularly in alpine environments and even in summer, so being prepared for all conditions is essential year-round.

Always check weather forecasts and be prepared for hot sun, rain, wind, and cold temperatures. Two key pieces of gear I always pack are a sunhat and a raincoat. I never go anywhere without them. New Zealand’s sun is no joke - especially in summer. There is a hole in the ozone layer and you will get sun burnt within 15 minutes without sunscreen.

Trail Difficulty Levels

Tracks for All Abilities

New Zealand offers hiking trails for all levels of experience, from easy short walks to challenging multi-day treks. Tracks are typically graded based on difficulty, with signage indicating the level of challenge. Easy walks are suitable for families and beginners, while advanced tramps require a higher level of fitness, route-finding expertise and alpine experience. 

You will find difficulty level information on the DOC website. Please only attempt hikes that are within your difficulty level.

Great Walks

You may have heard of New Zealand’s Great Walks - a collection of our premier hiking trails, renowned for their spectacular scenery and well-maintained tracks, like the Milford Track. There are nine Great Walks in total, offering a range of landscapes from lush rainforests to rugged alpine terrain.

Reservations are required for all overnight stays on the Great Walks. Due to their popularity, a booking system is in place to manage visitor numbers and ensure the preservation of these iconic trails. Bookings for Great Walks go live several months before the Great Walk season, which runs from October to April. For some walks, it is incredibly competitive - I mean, it’s harder to get a spot on the Milford Track than getting a ticket to Taylor Swift’s Eras Tour… seriously.

If you have flexibility in your schedule, you may be able to book a Great Walk cancellation - these go live on the DOC website and can be a good way to save your spot!

Guided Tours vs. Independent Hiking

Less competitive guided tours are also available for those who prefer the expertise of local guides or the convenience of having logistics taken care of. Guided tours often include accommodation, meals, and transportation, making them an attractive option for some visitors.

Costs and Accommodation

Costs

All New Zealand’s national parks and hiking trails are free to access, however you will have to pay for any campsites or accommodation. The cost of accommodation and campsites varies depending on the level of service, and during peak seasons.

Day trips are a good way to save costs if you are travelling on a budget.

If you are visiting for a couple of months and plan to do plenty of hiking, it is recommended to get a hut or campsite pass. Purchase these online at the DOC website.

Camping

New Zealand offers plenty of camping opportunities, from designated campgrounds to remote backcountry sites. Many hiking trails have designated campsites with basic facilities like toilets and water sources. Freedom camping on public land (camping in areas not designated for camping) is permitted, but uncommon. In many places there are local freedom camping restrictions in place, so it is essential to research local regulations.

Huts

For those seeking more comfort and protection from the elements, New Zealand's extensive hut network provides an excellent option. Run by the Department of Conservation (DOC), these huts vary in size and facilities, from basic shelters to fully serviced lodges. Reservations are often required, especially during the summer peak season, so it's advisable to book in advance.

For the majority of popular huts, you will book online via the DOC website. Some less popular huts operate on a first-come-first-serve basis. It is advisable to take a tent with you in case the hut is full when you arrive.

Gear and Clothing

Essentials

When it comes to gear and clothing, preparation is key. Here's a short list of essential items to bring on any hiking adventure:

• Sturdy, comfortable hiking boots

• Waterproof raincoat (not “water resistant”)

• Warm layers (fleece or down jacket)

• Beanie and gloves

• Sunscreen and sunhat

• First aid kit

• Food and water

• Insect repellent

For day-hikes or longer, also consider a waterproof backpack cover, and a personal locator beacon.

Safety Considerations

Personal locator beacon (PLB)

It's advisable to carry a PLB on any backcountry hike, regardless of duration or difficulty. Even on well-marked trails, accidents can happen, and having a PLB can be a lifesaver in remote areas where cell phone reception is unreliable or nonexistent.

A PLB is a small, handheld device that, when activated, sends out a distress signal to emergency services, indicating your precise location via satellite. PLBs are essential for summoning help in the event of an emergency, such as injury, getting lost, or being caught in extreme weather conditions.

A PLB should be used only in genuine emergencies, such as serious injury, illness, or being unable to continue due to extreme weather or other unforeseen circumstances. Activating a PLB should not be taken lightly, as it triggers a full-scale search and rescue operation (i.e. the helicopter will be coming for you). Before using a PLB, assess the situation carefully and consider whether alternative options, such as waiting for conditions to improve or retracing your steps, are possible. If in doubt, activate the PLB and wait for assistance to arrive.

PLBs can be hired from most outdoor stores, or on popular trails for as little as $30/day.

Solo Hiking

Solo hiking is safe in New Zealand, but there are additional precautions to consider. Always inform someone of your hiking plans, including your intended route and expected return time. Carry a personal locator beacon (PLB) for emergencies, especially if hiking in remote areas without cell phone coverage.

Best Times to Hike

The best time to hike in New Zealand depends on the region and the type of hike you're planning. In general, the summer months (December to February) offer the most favourable conditions, with longer daylight hours and warmer temperatures. However, popular trails can be crowded during this time. Spring (September to November) and autumn (March to May) are the shoulder seasons, with quieter trails and beautiful seasonal scenery, while winter (June to August) is ideal for snowshoeing and alpine hiking.

Tramping Etiquette

Leave No Trace

New Zealanders have a strong ethos of environmental conservation, and visitors are encouraged to follow the principles of "Leave No Trace." This means packing out all rubbish, staying on marked tracks, and respecting wildlife and cultural sites.

Additionally, many areas have specific protocols to prevent the spread of diseases like kauri dieback, so be sure to clean your boots before and after hiking in affected areas.

Travel responsibly and follow all signage.

Greeting Others on the Trail

It's customary in New Zealand to greet fellow hikers with a friendly "hello" or "kia ora" (the Māori greeting for hello). This fosters a sense of community on the trail and is considered good hiking etiquette.

Best Hikes in New Zealand

Now that you know everything about tramping in New Zealand, here are x3 of my top picks at different difficulty levels. Download my Map for plenty more awesome tramping tracks around Aotearoa New Zealand.

• Hooker Valley: The best walking track in New Zealand for low effort and incredible views. Approx 3 hours return (allow longer for photos), the track winds through the Hooker Valley crossing iconic swinging bridges and arriving at Hooker Lake. Here you will have spectacular views of Aoraki Mt Cook, New Zealand’s tallest mountain. The track is relatively flat, suited for families and hikers of all abilities.

• Tongariro Alpine Crossing: Regarded as one of the best day hikes in the world, the Tongariro Alpine Crossing is a challenging and unforgettable trek through an otherworldly volcanic landscape. The 19.4-kilometer track traverses active volcanic terrain, passing by steaming vents, colourful crater lakes, and rugged lava fields. You will also pass the volcanic peaks of Mount Tongariro and Mount Ngauruhoe (better known as Mount Doom from "The Lord of the Rings" films), and panoramic views of the surrounding national park. The track involves steep ascents and descents, as well as sections with loose scree, so a good level of fitness and appropriate gear are essential. You will also need to book a shuttle bus to get to the start of the track.

• Milford Track: If you can get a booking, the Milford Track is a legendary multi-day trek through some of New Zealand's most dramatic and pristine wilderness. The 53.5 km track takes trampers from the shores of Lake Te Anau to the breathtaking vistas of Milford Sound, passing through lush rainforests, towering waterfalls, and glaciated valleys along the way. Highlights of the track include the majestic Mackinnon Pass and the awe-inspiring Sutherland Falls, one of the tallest waterfalls in the world. The track is typically completed over four days. However, you can also catch a watertaxi from Milford Sound to Sandfly point, and walk along the trail as an in-and-out day hike. Experience the beautiful New Zealand forest and visit some picturesque waterfalls.

For More Information

For the most up-to-date information about hiking trails in New Zealand, visit the Department of Conservation's website (www.doc.govt.nz). Here you'll find track maps, trail conditions, hut bookings, and essential safety advice. DOC also operates visitor centres throughout the country, where you can obtain maps, passes, and local advice from knowledgeable staff.

If you want inspiration, tune into the Aotearoa Adventures podcast, a weekly show hosted by your truly. The ultimate podcast for outdoor enthusiasts, sharing guests’ incredible experiences throughout New Zealand. I guarantee your bucket list will get even longer. Grab your hiking boots, hop in the car and turn up the volume…