Cultural considerations for visiting East Java

Before visiting East Java, it's essential to be aware of some cultural considerations to ensure a respectful and enjoyable experience. Here are some important cultural aspects to keep in mind:

1. Religion: East Java, like the rest of Indonesia, is predominantly Muslim. It's essential to respect Islamic customs and traditions. When visiting mosques or religious sites, dress modestly, covering your shoulders and knees. It's also customary to remove your shoes before entering these places.

2. Greetings: Indonesians typically greet each other with a handshake and a slight bow of the head. However, in more rural areas, people may use a traditional two-handed handshake called "salam hormat."

3. Respect for Elders: Respect for elders is a fundamental aspect of Indonesian culture. Use polite language and gestures when interacting with older individuals. It's customary to offer a slight bow when greeting or showing respect to someone older.

4. Personal Space: Indonesians generally have a smaller personal space compared to Western cultures. It's not uncommon for people to stand or sit close to each other during conversations. Be mindful of personal space boundaries, but also don't be surprised if locals are friendly and warm.

5. Dress Code: Dress modestly, especially in rural and conservative areas. Avoid wearing revealing clothing, such as short shorts or low-cut tops. When visiting temples or other religious sites, cover your shoulders and knees.

6. Left Hand: In Indonesian culture, the left hand is considered impolite for many activities. Use your right hand for eating, giving and receiving items, and when shaking hands.

7. Gift-Giving: When visiting someone's home, it's a good practice to bring a small gift, such as fruit or snacks, as a token of appreciation. Gifts are typically wrapped, and it's polite to give and receive them with your right hand.

8. Language: The official language of Indonesia is Bahasa Indonesia, but there are various local languages and dialects spoken in East Java. Learning a few basic phrases in Bahasa Indonesia can be helpful and appreciated by locals.

9. Bargaining: Bargaining is common in local markets and street stalls, but it's important to do it respectfully and with a friendly attitude. Start with a reasonable offer, and be prepared to negotiate politely.

10. Tipping: Tipping is not mandatory, but it's appreciated in Indonesia. In restaurants, leaving a small tip is customary, and rounding up the fare for services like taxis is also common.

11. Photography: Always ask for permission before taking photos of people, especially in rural and traditional areas. Some may appreciate the opportunity to pose for a picture, while others may prefer not to be photographed.

By respecting these cultural considerations, you'll not only have a more enjoyable experience in East Java but also show appreciation for the local culture and customs. Indonesians are generally welcoming and friendly, and your efforts to be respectful will be well-received.