Natural disasters in Japan

Japan is prone to various natural disasters due to its geographical location and tectonic setting. For travelers, understanding the types of potential natural disasters and knowing how to prepare can enhance safety and peace of mind during a visit.

Useful Links to Live Warnings

General Weather Warnings: Japan Meteorological Agency (Weather Warning Map)

Volcano Warnings: Japan Meteorological Agency (Volcano Map)

Earthquake Warnings: Japan Meteorological Agency (Earthquakes)

Avalanche Warnings: Avalanche Bulletin

Common Natural Disasters in Japan

1. Earthquakes

   • Japan experiences frequent earthquakes, with thousands occurring each year, though most are minor. Major quakes can trigger tsunamis, particularly along coastal areas.

   • The country has an extensive warning system, and locals are well-prepared to respond when an earthquake strikes.

2. Tsunamis

   • Following a major undersea earthquake, a tsunami may occur. Coastal areas are at risk, and tsunami warnings are issued quickly after quakes.

   • Japan has clear evacuation routes in coastal towns, and visitors will likely see signs directing people to higher ground.

3. Typhoons

   • Typhoon season runs from May to October, peaking in August and September. Typhoons bring heavy rains, strong winds, and can cause flooding and landslides.

   • These storms primarily affect southern and coastal regions, though they can impact much of the country.

4. Volcanic Eruptions

   • Japan has 111 active volcanoes, and some popular hiking spots, like Mt. Fuji, are in volcanic areas.

   • Volcanic eruptions are rare, but they can cause ash falls and landslides. Some areas near active volcanoes have restricted access or warnings in place.

5. Flooding and Landslides

   • Heavy rains from typhoons or seasonal fronts can cause rivers to overflow, triggering floods and landslides, especially in mountainous or rural areas.

   • Landslide risk is particularly high in areas with steep terrain after heavy rainfall.

Preparing for Natural Disasters as a Traveler

1. Stay Informed

   • Download an emergency alert app like NHK World Japan or the Japan National Tourism Organization (JNTO) Safety Tips app for real-time updates and alerts in English.

   • Check the weather forecast daily, especially during typhoon season, and monitor any advisories issued by local authorities.

2. Know Evacuation Routes

   • Familiarize yourself with evacuation routes in your area, especially if staying near the coast or in earthquake-prone regions. Hotels and accommodations often provide maps with emergency routes.

   • Many areas have clearly marked evacuation centers, often at local schools, community centers, or higher ground for tsunami safety.

3. Prepare an Emergency Kit

   • While you don’t need a full emergency kit as a traveler, it’s wise to have basic supplies like a flashlight, portable phone charger, bottled water, some snacks, and a first-aid kit.

   • In case of emergencies, keep cash on hand since ATMs may not function, and stores may not accept cards.

4. Know What to Do in an Earthquake

   • During an earthquake, stay calm. If you’re indoors, drop, cover, and hold on under a sturdy piece of furniture. Stay away from windows and items that could fall.

   • If outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings, power lines, or anything that could collapse. If you’re near the coast, prepare to move to higher ground if you feel a strong quake, as this could indicate a tsunami risk.

5. Have a Communication Plan

   • Inform someone at home of your travel plans and check in regularly. In Japan, disaster messaging apps like LINE can be used to update family or friends when regular communication lines are busy.

6. Follow Local Instructions

   • In the event of a typhoon or natural disaster, Japanese authorities will issue instructions via public announcements or mobile alerts. Follow their guidance, which may include sheltering in place or evacuating.

7. Stay Indoors During Typhoons

   • If a typhoon is approaching, it’s best to remain indoors as strong winds and rain can make travel dangerous. Stock up on food and water if you know a storm is coming.

Final Thoughts

Japan’s robust disaster preparedness measures make it one of the safest places to experience these natural events, but as a visitor, staying informed and knowing what to do is crucial. Having a few basics in place will help you stay safe while enjoying your travels.